Determinan Kinerja Usaha Kecil Perdagangan dan Restoran Di Kota Palembang
Keywords:
leadership styles, entrepreneurial orientation and business performanceAbstract
This study investigates the effect of leadership styles and entrepreneurial orientation on the business performance of small business of trade and restaurant in Palembang. Survey research design was adopted and data were collected using a structured questionnaire with ninety nine respondent were selected using random sampling. Multiple regression were analytical techniques. The findings revealed that there were positive and significant effect of leadership on business performance. There were positive and significant effect of entrepreneurial orientation on business performance. The findings can be generalized that leadership styles were the dominant form of leaderships displayed by the owner and entrepreneurial orientation helped improved the business performance of the small business of trade and restaurant in Palembang.
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Avolio, B. J. & Bass, B. M. 2004. Multifactor leadership questionnaire: Manual and sample set. (3rd ed.). Redwood City. CA: Mind Garden
Barling, J., Weber, T., & Kelloway, E. K. 1996. Effects of transformational leadership training on attitudinal and financial outcomes: A field experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 827-832.
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. 1995. Multifactor leadership questionnaire: Manual leader form, rater, and scoring key for MLQ (Form 5X-Short). Redwood City, CA: Mind Garden.
Buckingham, M. 2005. Managers and Leaders. Leadership Excellence, 22(12), 5-7.
Dvir, T., Eden, D., Avolio, B. J. & Shamir, B. 2002. Impact of transformational leadership on follower development and performance: A field experiment. Academy of Management Journal, 45(4), 735-744.
Feinberg, J. B., Ostroff, C., & Burke, W. W. 2005. The role of within group agreement in understanding transformational leadership. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 78(3), 471-489.
Gartner, W. B., & Shane, S. A. 1995. Measuring entrepreneurship over time. Journal of Business Venturing, 10(4), 283-301.
Ghozali, Imam, 2005. Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program SPSS, Edisi Ketiga. Semarang. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro
Gillespie, N. A., & Mann, L. 2004. Transformational leadership & shared values: the building blocks of trust. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 19(6), 588.
Guardia, A. B. 2007. Leadership, Group Effectiveness, And Group Performance: An Assessment Of A Theoretical Systems Model and An Observed Structural Equation. Proquest Information and Learning Company. UMI Number 3258532.
Hater, J. J., & Bass, B. M. 1988. Superiors’ Evaluations and Subordinates’ Perceptions of Transformational and Transactional Leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(4), 695-702.
Howell, J. M., & Avolio, B. J. 1993. Transformational leadership, transactional leadership, locus of control, and support for innovation: Key predictor of consolidated business-unit performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(6), 891-902.
Ireland, R. D. & Hitt, M. A. 2005. Achieving and maintaining strategic competitiveness in the 21st century: The role of strategic leadership. Academy of Management Executive, 19(4), 63-77.
Johnson, N. J., & Klee, T. 2007. Passive-aggressive behavior and leadership styles in organizations. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 14, 130-144.
Keller, T. 1992. Transformational leadership and performance of research and development project groups. Journal of Management, 18, 489-501.
Kuhnert, K. W., & Lewis, P. 1987. Transforming leadership: Developing people through delegation. In B.M. Bass & B. J. Avolio (Eds.), Improving organizational effectiveness through Transformational leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Ladzani, W. M., & Van Vuuren, J. J. 2002. Entrepreneurship training for emerging SMEs in South Africa. Journal of Small Business Management, 40(2), 154-161.
Moorhead, G. & Griffin, R. W. 1995. Organizational behavior. Managing people and organizations (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
Nave, J. W. 2006. Leadership styles of Entrepreneurs in Small Land Surveying Businesses. Proquest Information and Learning Company. UMI Number 3195382.
Pillai, R., Schriesheim, C. A., & Williams, E. S. 1999. Fairness perceptions and trust as mediators for Transformational and Transactional leadership: A two-sample study. Journal of Management. 25, 897-933.
Plowman, D. A., Solansky, S., Beck, T.E., & Lakami, B. 2007. The role of leadership in emergent, self –organization. Leadership Quarterly, 18(4), 341.
Ramey, J. W. 2002. The relationship between leadership styles of nurse managers and staff nurse job satisfaction in hospital settings, (Doctoral dissertation, Marshall University, 2002), Masters Abstracts International, 42, no 04.
Robbins, S. P. 2003. Organizational behavior (10th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Roslan, A. A., & Rosli, M. 2012. The effect of leadership styles on the business performance of SMEs in Malaysia. Paper presented at World Conference on Islamic Thought & Civilization 2012 on 11 September 2012. Ipoh, Malaysia.
Sathe, V. 2003. Corporate entrepreneurship: Top managers and new business creation. Cambridge: University Press.
Stahl, M. J. 2007. The Influential Leader. Leader to Leader, 46, 49.
Stumpf, M. N. 2003. The relationship of perceived leadership styles of North Carolina County Extension Directors’ to job satisfaction of County Extension professionals, (Doctoral dissertation, North Carolina State University, 2003). Dissertation Abstracts International, 64, no. 07A.
Thomas, A.B. 1988. Does Leadership Make a difference to Organizational Performance? Administrative Science Quarterly, 33, 388-400.
Van Wart, M. 2005. Dynamics of leadership in public service: Theory and practice. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe.
Waldman, D.A., Bass, B.M. & Yammarino, F. J. 1990. Adding to Contingent Reward Behavior: The Augmenting Effect of Charismatic Leadership, Group & Organization Studies, 15(4), 381-394.
Wiklund, J., & Shepherd, D. 2003. Knowledge-based resources, entrepreneurial orientation, and the performance of small and medium-sized business. Strategic Management
