Journal of Industrial, Energy and Environment Technology

Synthesis of Rice Straw and Coconut Shell-Based Bio Briquettes as an Alternative Energy

Muhammad Yerizam, Muhammad Faizal, Asyeni Miftahul Jannah — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0700

This comparison of composition and particle size of bio briquettes from the raw material of the rice straw-coconut shell mixture can produce solid fuels with high calorific value and minimum pollutants. This study aims to synthesize bio briquettes based on a mixture of rice straw and coconut shells, to find the best composition to obtain high-calorie bio briquettes. In the first stage, analyzing bio briquettes with a composition ratio of rice straw-coconut shells are 90:10; 80:20: 70:30; 60:40; 50:50; 40:60; 30:70; 20:80 and the particle size (mesh) are 20, 60, 100, 140 and 170. Determine the characteristics of the bio briquette, it consists of inherent matter (IM), volatile matter (VM), ash content (AC), fixed carbon (FC), and calorific value (CV). From the analysis results obtained data that accordance to SNI 01-6235-2000, namely the ratio of rice straw and coconut shell mixture of 55:45 with a particle size of 98 mesh obtained CV of 5005 cal/g, IM of 7.0985%, VM of 26,3971%, AC of 22,2198%, FC of 44,2421%.

The Pressure Effect on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Vacuum Evaporator System in Sugarcane Sap Concentration Process

Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The largest energy consumption in sugar factories is used for heating sap by evaporator, so this study will investigate the effect of vacuum pressure and process time on increasing °Brix content using vacuum evaporator. This research aims to analyze thermal mass transfer, energy distribution and specific energy consumption. The results showed that vacuum pressure affects the evaporation rate. At ΔP = 350 mmHg (0.46 atm) and 240 minutes the amount of water evaporated was 5.08 kg or (average = 1.27 kg/hour), for ΔP = 550 mmHg (0.72 atm) with water evaporated was 6.48 kg (average 1.620 kg/hour) and for ΔP = 570 mmHg (0.75 atm) was 6.5 kg. (average = 1.625 kg/hour). The highest rate of evaporation was at time duration of 240 minutes with a vacuum pressure of 570 mmHg amounting to 6.8 kg. Process time also affects the consumption of electrical energy used. The optimum condition for the evaporation process using a double jacket evaporator is at the duration of 180 minutes, pressure 550 mmHg (0.72 atm) and 570 mmHg (0.75 atm). In this condition, the °Brix value is 74 to 79. Specific energy consumption is 1.40 kwh/kg product and thermal efficiency 54.20% at pressure 570 mmHg. This research contributes to energy efficient thermal diffusion separation technology.

Effect of Adsorbent Mass and Contact Time on the Removal of Iron (Fe) Metal Ions from Palm Kernel Shells using an Adsorption Column

Taliza Binar Adiara, Abu Hasan, Robert Junaidi — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Palm kernel shell is a waste produced by industrial processing. Its utilization is still widely open as a purification of water, oil, juice, and other uses. This study aims to utilize palm kernel shells as activated carbon for the removal of the Fe metal adsorption process following the isothermal model. The methods used include carbonization, activation, and characterization tests. For the sorption process using carbon mass variations 262; 264; 266; 268; 270; 272; 274; 276 and 278 grams and contact time variations of 15; 20; 25; 30; 35; 40; 45; 50; 55 and 60 minutes. The results of Fe metal removal were analyzed by AAS to obtain an absorption efficiency of 97% at a mass of 278 grams and 89.6% at an optimum time of 25 minutes. The Langmuir isotherm equation obtained adsorption capacity of 0.0139 mg/g and 0.064 mg/g and Freundlich of 92.89 mg/g and 3605.7 mg/g.

Analysis of Hospital Liquid Waste Processing Results using Coagulation and Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) Methods

Indah Agus Setiorini, Indah Pratiwi — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Hospital waste has an impact on the environment, so good management efforts are needed with the aim of obtaining hospital conditions that meet environmental health requirements. In this research, hospital liquid waste processing was carried out using two methods, namely Coagulation and Fenton Process (Advanced Oxidation). Fenton has been developed in many places to process organic materials Biological Oxygen Demand/Chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD/COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), color, nitrogen, phosphorus and some metals contained in domestic industrial wastewater and raw drinking water. Alum coagulant (Al₂(SO₄)₃) has been widely known and widely used by the industrial community in relation to reducing colloidal particles in water which is quite cheap and effective. From the results of the analysis, an effective method was obtained to reduce the levels of pH, BOD, COD, TSS and , and free NH₃ using the Fenton process (Advanced Oxidation) after the coagulation process with a pH reduction percentage of 31.6% w/v, BOD of 91% w/v, COD was 73% w/v, TSS was 69% w/v and the reduction in free NH₃ was 88% w/v

Conversion of CO2 to Methane (CH4) using Ni-Al Based Catalyst and Mg as Promoter via Methanation Process

Sebastian Hadinata, Robert Junaidi, Fadarina — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The increase of CO₂ gas in the atmosphere, which can cause climate change, is one of the reasons for converting it into value-added chemicals and renewable fuels. One way to reduce CO₂ in the atmosphere is to capture and store CO₂. The conversion of CO₂ into chemical fuels can be a method to reduce the problem of global warming and provide alternative chemical fuels.The purpose of this research is to obtain methane gas through the CO₂ methanation process. Methane gas is produced using nickel-alumina based catalyst and Mg as promoter. The CO₂ methanation process is carried out in a 500ml Erlenymeyer flask with CO₂ gas flowing from the CO₂ tube as the raw material in the process. In this research, the amount of catalyst is adjusted by varying the ratio of Nickel-Alumina catalyst 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3, 2:1, 3:1. Analysis of the methane content was used a Multi Gas Detector Analyzer and for catalyst used X-Ray Diffractionmeter. It is obtained from the research result that the most optimum variation of the Nickel-Alumina catalyst ratio is at the ratio of 3:1. The CO₂ conversion to CH₄ from the methanation process by using 3:1 Nickel-Alumina ratio also has a significant percentage of 1.82% for the methane content and 0.2% for the CO₂ content.